Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Antibodies. Skin Antibodies
Code:
PEM
Sample Type:
2mL Serum (Gel 5mL Yellow tube)
Ref Ranges/Units:
Positive or Negative
Normal result = Negative
Turnaround:
Frequency of Analysis: 2-3 weeks
Special Precautions/Comments:
Method: Referred to RVI, Newcastle
Interferences: Anti-AB antibodies can cause false positive patterns which can mimic Pemphigus staining. All positive Pemphigus patterns must be confirmed using AB neutralizing reagent.
Interpretation:
Results are reported as being NEGATIVE or POSITIVE followed by a titre 10,20,40,80,160,320 or >320. Negative results in patients found to be positive by direct immunofluorescence may be due to species specificity or very low levels of antibody present. Positive results must be interpreted in the clinical context
Additional Information:
Indication: Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases (pemphigus and pemphigoid).
Background Information: Antibodies reacting with structural components of the skin are responsible for blistering autoimmune skin diseases. These antibodies can be categorised into those that react to antigens in the basement membrane or the desmosome components of
skin tissue. Desmosome antibodies are associated with pemphigus (intaepidermal blistering). There are 3 types of pemphigus with varying clinical features but all are associated with pathogenetic IgG antibodies against desmogleins in the desmosome [1]. Basement membrane antibodies are associated with bullous pemphigoid (subepidermal blistering), the most common autoimmune blistering skin disease which occurs mainly in elderly patients [1]. The pemphigoid hemi-desmosomal antigens have been identified as BP230 and BP180 [1].
References:Zillikens D. Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases, Clin Lab. 2008. 54(11-12):491-503. Langan SM, et al. Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris-incidence and mortality in the UK: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2008. 337(180):a180. PRU Handbook of Autoimmunity. 4th Edition. 2007.
Bystryn J, Rudolph JL. Pemphigus. Lancet. 2005. 366(9479): 61-73. Nousari HC, Anhalt GJ. Pemphigis and bullous pemphigoid. Lancet. 1999. 354(9179):667-672. [Ref 1]
Telephone Gateshead Lab: 0191.4456499 Option 4, Option 1