Voltage Gated Potassium Channel Antibodies – Referral
Code:
VGPA
Sample Type:
2mL Serum (Gel 5mL Yellow tube)
Ref Ranges/Units:
pM
Values above 69 pM are considered as positive and values below 69 pM as negative
Turnaround:
3-4 weeks
Frequency of Analysis: Referred to Oxford University Hospital, sent every day except Friday
Special Precautions/Comments:
Method: Sent away to: Oxford University Hospital
Interferences: None known
Additional Information:
Indication: Investigation of acquired neuromyotonia (Isaacs syndrome).
Background Information: Neuromyotonia (Isaacs syndrome) is a rare and heterogenous syndrome of continuous motor unit activity of peripheral nerve origin that manifests as various combinations of muscle stiffness, cramps, twitching, weakness, and delayed muscle relaxation [2]. Although neuromyotonia may accompany an assortment of inherited diseases, most cases are acquired. The acquired form is often associated with an autoimmune isorder [2]. It is thought that autoantibodies to voltage-gated potassium channels produce the peripheral motor nerve hyperexcitability that characterizes neuromyotonia and thus establishes acquired neuromyotonia as an autoantibody-mediated disorder [3]. Recently Limbic encephalitis has been associated with voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies [1].
References: Oshita T, et al. Voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies associated limbic encephalitis in a patient with invasive thymoma. J Neur Sci. 2006. 250: 167-169. [Ref 1] Shillito P, et al. Aquired neuromyotonia: evidence for autoantibodies directed against K+ channels of peripheral nerves. Ann Neuro. 1995. 38(5):714-722. [Ref 2] Newsom-Davis J and Mills KR. Immunological associations of acquired neuromyotonia (Isaacs’ syndrome). Brain. 1993. 116(2): 453-469. [Ref 3]
See Also: Voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies
Telephone Gateshead Lab: 0191.4456499 Option 4, Option 1